Exploring the future of mathematics teaching: Insight with ChatGPT

: This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the future of mathematics teaching from the perspective of ChatGPT, an advanced language processing artificial intelligence (AI) developed by OpenAI. The results of the chat transcripts edited with ChatGPT suggest that the future of mathematics teaching will see the integration of technology and AI to provide personalized learning experiences, blended learning environments, and computational thinking, data literacy, and statistics. Problem-solving, critical thinking, and interdisciplinary connections will continue to be emphasized, and equity and inclusion will remain crucial. AI is expected to revolutionize mathematics education, but thoughtful implementation, ongoing professional development, and pedagogical considerations are essential. However, the future of teaching mathematics will continue to evolve. Therefore, teachers and lecturers need to keep abreast of the latest developments and adapt to them while remaining committed to providing quality teaching.


INTRODUCTION
ChatGPT is a sophisticated language model created by OpenAI that has the ability to produce responses that resemble human-like language in diverse languages and formats. According to Mijwil et al. (2023), this technology has the potential to be utilized in various applications, including chatbots, language translation, and text completion. The ChatGPT platform has garnered considerable interest from scholars and practitioners alike, resulting in its extensive utilization across diverse domains. The implementation of conversational artificial intelligence (AI) models, such as ChatGPT, gives rise to significant ethical and societal implications, as noted by Mattas (2023). Meanwhile, Aljanabi (2023)s asserts that despite the obstacles, ChatGPT constitutes a noteworthy advancement in the realm of AI language processing, holding the capacity to revolutionize diverse sectors and enhance our quality of life. According to Deng & Lin (2022), ChatGPT, despite its impressive ability to produce humanlike conversations, presents certain challenges that require attention.
The ChatGPT platform exhibits remarkable capabilities in producing text that closely resembles human-generated content, thereby surpassing conventional Question-Answering Systems (QASs). However, it is imperative to acknowledge that the ChatGPT tool is not without its constraints and ethical implications, which warrant careful scrutiny and resolution. In his study, Omar et al. (2023) conducts a comparative analysis of ChatGPT, Galactica, and KGQAN, which are considered to be advanced question-answering systems. The author also highlights the constraints associated with each of these systems. The role of ChatGPT in generating human-like text for various applications, such as chatbots and language translation, is discussed by Mijwil et al. (2023). The study conducted by Bang et al. (2023) assesses the efficacy of ChatGPT in several natural language processing (NLP) tasks and concludes that it exhibits superior performance compared to other language models on the majority of these tasks. However, the study also identifies certain limitations in ChatGPT's reasoning capabilities and notes the presence of hallucination issues. The potential advantages and ethical implications of conversational AI models such as ChatGPT are explored by Mattas (2023).
Previous studies have focused on the potential, performance, and implications of ChatGPT, comparing it to other models like Galactica and KGQAN (Omar et al., 2023), assessing its efficacy in various natural language processing tasks (Bang et al., 2023), and discussing its ethical implications (Mattas, 2023). However, these studies have not explored the potential of ChatGPT in specific practical applications such as assisting in essay writing, particularly on subjects like "The Future of Mathematics Teaching". This gap in research, thus, necessitates an examination of how ChatGPT can contribute to this specific context.
The amazing skills of ChatGPT, on the other hand, have prompted people to wonder whether we have reached a point in the development of technology where an AI-driven chatbot is capable of writing or helping write an essay on "The Future in Mathematics Teaching." Chat transcripts that have been altered using ChatGPT Version May 24 are presented in this editorial, which was written on May 27, 2023.
This study aims to fill the identified gap by investigating the role of ChatGPT in assisting with essay writing, specifically focusing on the topic "The Future of Mathematics Teaching". We will evaluate the performance of ChatGPT in this context, uncover any potential limitations, and provide recommendations for its effective utilization. Further, we aim to offer insights on the ethical considerations of employing such AI-powered technology in the educational domain, thereby contributing to the ongoing discourse on responsible AI use.

METHOD
The method used in this study is an interview with ChatGPT. The purpose of this interview with the ChatGPT chatbot is to explore potential futures in mathematics teaching. This interview was conducted on May 27, 2023. The stages and method used in this study refer to research that has been conducted by (Corsello & Santangelo, 2023;Gunawan, 2023;Supriyadi, 2022).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The following is an interview with ChatGPT conducted via chatbot: Edi Supriyadi (ES): Introduce ChatGPT. Explain that this article was written by ChatGPT in response to prompts from Edi Supriyadi (ES). ChatGPT: Welcome to this informative article, where we delve into the realm of ChatGPT, an advanced language model designed to engage in conversations and provide relevant and insightful responses. As an AI language model developed by OpenAI, ChatGPT is powered by the GPT-3.5 architecture, which encompasses a vast amount of knowledge and language understanding. The conversation that follows was generated by ChatGPT in response to prompts from Edi Supriyadi (ES), highlighting the AI model's ability to comprehend and generate text based on the provided input. Whether it's discussing complex topics, answering questions, or engaging in a friendly dialogue, ChatGPT aims to assist and enhance the ED's experience by providing helpful and coherent responses.
ChatGPT, a sophisticated AI language model developed by OpenAI, utilizes the GPT-3.5 architecture to engage in informative and relevant conversations. This study showcases its ability to respond to various prompts provided by Edi Supriyadi (ES), demonstrating the model's adeptness at comprehension and text generation. Its capacity to handle complex topics, answer Copyright © 2023; Author (s); 2339-224X (print) | 2579-3209 (online) diverse questions, and engage in friendly dialogue is displayed throughout, aiming to deliver a rich interactive experience for Supriyadi and other users.

ES: Tell me what is teaching?
ChatGPT: Teaching can be broadly defined as the process of imparting knowledge, skills, and values from one person, known as the teacher or educator, to another person, known as the learner or student. It is a fundamental aspect of human society and plays a crucial role in shaping individuals, communities, and entire civilizations. At its core, teaching involves the deliberate and systematic transfer of information and understanding. The teacher utilizes various strategies, techniques, and resources to facilitate learning and promote the development of the learner's intellectual, emotional, social, and physical capacities. The ultimate aim of teaching is to enable students to acquire knowledge, gain critical thinking skills, and become self-directed learners. Teaching can take place in a wide range of formal and informal settings, such as classrooms, educational institutions, workplaces, community centers, and online platforms. It encompasses different levels of education, including early childhood education, primary and secondary education, higher education, vocational training, and lifelong learning.
Teaching, as described by ChatGPT, is an integral component of society that involves the deliberate and systematic transfer of knowledge, skills, and values from a teacher to a learner (Viraldo & Shafaat, 2013). It extends beyond mere fact transmission to actively engaging students, nurturing their curiosity, and establishing a supportive learning environment. Methods employed include lectures, discussions, demonstrations, and technology-enhanced learning to accommodate diverse learning styles. Teaching not only disseminates knowledge but also cultivates critical thinking, problem-solving skills, creativity, and ethical values. Teachers often act as mentors and facilitators of personal growth, guiding students, fostering intellectual curiosity, and aiding in their development into responsible and engaged citizens (Kemmis et al., 2014). Consequently, teaching is a complex process with profound implications for individual and societal development.

ES: Tell me what is mathematics teaching?
ChatGPT: Mathematics teaching specifically refers to the educational practice of imparting mathematical knowledge, skills, and problem-solving abilities to students. It involves the systematic instruction and guidance provided by mathematics educators to help students develop a solid foundation in mathematical concepts, logical reasoning, and quantitative literacy. Mathematics teaching encompasses a wide range of topics and branches within the field of mathematics, including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, statistics, calculus, and more. The primary goal of mathematics teaching is to enable students to understand the fundamental principles of mathematics, apply mathematical techniques to solve problems, and develop a deep appreciation for the beauty and utility of mathematics in everyday life. Effective mathematics teaching goes beyond rote memorization of formulas and procedures. It focuses on promoting conceptual understanding, logical reasoning, and critical thinking. Mathematics teaching, as articulated by ChatGPT, refers to the pedagogical process of imparting mathematical knowledge and fostering problem-solving skills in learners (English & Gainsburg, 2015). It spans across various mathematical branches like arithmetic, algebra, geometry, statistics, and calculus. Rather than simply relying on rote memorization, effective mathematics teaching emphasizes conceptual understanding, logical reasoning, and critical thinking, using diverse instructional strategies such as explicit instruction, problem-solving activities, and technology integration. Key elements of this process include content instruction, problem-solving skills, mathematical reasoning, mathematical communication, and differentiated instruction tailored to the varied learning needs and abilities of students. Furthermore, the integration of technology tools enhances visualization and problem-solving, making math more engaging and accessible. Ultimately, the aim of mathematics teaching is to build mathematical proficiency, analytical thinking, and mathematical literacy, equipping students for quantitative aspects of academic, personal, and professional lives.

ES: Summarize the history of mathematics teaching
ChatGPT: The history of mathematics teaching spans thousands of years, reflecting the evolving understanding and pedagogical approaches to this discipline (Salem, 2008 The history of mathematics teaching, as outlined by ChatGPT, extends across millennia and involves an evolution in both understanding and pedagogical methods of the discipline. Originating in ancient civilizations like Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus Valley, mathematical instruction was initially transmitted through practical applications (Struik, 2012). In ancient Greece, mathematicians like Pythagoras and Euclid established principles of deductive reasoning, paving the way for systematic teaching (Calude & Marcus, 2004;Kline, 1964;Russo, 2003). The Islamic Golden Age saw the transmission of mathematical knowledge through textbooks and educational institutions, while the Renaissance and Enlightenment periods ushered in more formal instructional methods (Joseph, 2010). During the 19th and 20th centuries, advancements such as the formalization of mathematical logic led to standardized teaching, and the modern era brought significant transformations with the advent of technology and new pedagogical approaches. Presently, an emphasis is placed on inclusivity, equity, and real-world applications in mathematics education, and the discipline continues to adapt to technological and pedagogical innovations.

ES: Speculate the future of mathematics teaching
ChatGPT: Speculating about the future of mathematics teaching involves considering potential advancements, trends, and challenges that may shape the way mathematics is taught. While the future is uncertain, several possibilities can be envision ES: Collaboration among teachers, educational institutions, and mathematics organizations will be essential for sharing best practices and fostering professional growth.
ChatGPT's speculation about the future of mathematics teaching indicates a dynamic evolution influenced by technology, societal demands, and pedagogical insights. The future may see more personalized learning, facilitated by adaptive platforms and tutoring systems that offer tailored instruction based on individual strengths and learning styles. Blended learning environments combining traditional classroom instruction with online resources could become more prevalent, with potential for immersive experiences through virtual and augmented reality (Dunleavy et al., 2009). Computational thinking may be emphasized alongside an increased focus on data literacy and statistical reasoning. Moreover, problem-solving and critical thinking approaches will likely continue to gain prominence. Teachers are anticipated to adopt culturally responsive pedagogies to promote equity and inclusion, while making efforts to establish interdisciplinary connections. Continuous professional development for educators may become a norm, ensuring up-to-date pedagogical approaches and technology integration. The specific path will, however, depend on collective efforts from educators, policymakers, and researchers, with a student-centered approach at its core.

ES: Speculate the future of mathematics teaching on technology integration
ChatGPT: When considering the future of mathematics teaching with technology integration, several exciting possibilities emerge. While the future is uncertain, here are some speculative developments that could shape mathematics education:

Interactive Virtual Learning Environments: Advancements in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies could create immersive learning environments for mathematics.
Students may explore three-dimensional mathematical models, visualize abstract concepts, and engage in interactive simulations. These technologies could enhance spatial understanding, promote discovery-based learning, and make mathematics more engaging and accessible.

Intelligent Tutoring Systems: As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to advance, intelligent
tutoring systems could become more sophisticated. These systems would provide personalized feedback, adaptive instruction, and individualized support to students. AI algorithms could analyze students' problem-solving approaches, identify misconceptions, and offer targeted guidance, creating a tailored learning experience that meets each student's unique needs. ChatGPT's speculation on the future of mathematics teaching involving technology integration outlines several potential developments. With advancements in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), interactive virtual learning environments could facilitate discoverybased learning and make abstract mathematical concepts more accessible (Ozcakir & Cakiroglu, 2021). AI-powered intelligent tutoring systems might offer personalized feedback and adaptive instruction, while gamification could increase student engagement. Learning analytics could inform instructional decisions and facilitate data-driven teaching practices. The rise of online learning platforms could promote collaborative learning spaces for shared problem-solving (Banson, 2022;Martínez-Argüelles et al., 2023). Furthermore, adaptive learning platforms might offer individualized instruction, adjusting content based on a student's performance. Mobile learning and BYOD policies could seamlessly integrate technology into daily instruction, and the emphasis on computational thinking might integrate coding and programming within mathematics education. However, the effective integration of technology requires careful planning, professional development for educators, and best practices to ensure technology truly supports mathematical learning.

ES: Speculate the future of artificial intelligence in mathematics teaching
ChatGPT: When speculating about the future of artificial intelligence (AI)  ChatGPT's speculation on the future of artificial intelligence (AI) in mathematics teaching suggests several transformative developments (Sperling et al., 2022). Intelligent tutoring systems could provide personalized instruction and feedback based on individual student needs and performance data. Automated grading systems could efficiently evaluate student work, providing timely feedback and insights into common misconceptions. AI-based virtual math assistants might offer on-demand support to students, enhancing accessibility outside the classroom. AI could optimize learning experiences by suggesting specific learning materials based on student strengths, weaknesses, and learning styles. AI-driven data analytics could provide teachers with valuable insights into student learning patterns and inform instructional strategies. Further, AI-powered virtual manipulatives and simulations might offer dynamic, hands-on learning experiences. AI could also revolutionize assessment with adaptive tests that adjust difficulty based on student responses. Lastly, AI-assisted curriculum design could help refine mathematics curricula based on educational data. However, successful AI integration would require careful ethical considerations, protection of privacy, and maintaining the role of human interaction and guidance in education.

ES: Speculate the future of robotics in mathematics teaching
ChatGPT: Speculating about the future of robotics in mathematics teaching opens up exciting possibilities for the integration of technology in the classroom. While the future is uncertain, here are some speculative developments that could shape the role of robotics in mathematics education: 1. Interactive Teaching Assistants: Robots could serve as interactive teaching assistants in mathematics classrooms. These robots could engage with students, deliver lessons, demonstrate ChatGPT's speculation about the future role of robotics in mathematics teaching involves potential applications such as serving as interactive teaching assistants, facilitating collaborative problem-solving, and acting as physical manipulatives for understanding mathematical concepts (Benitti, 2012). Robots could also offer personalized instruction, leveraging AI algorithms for adaptive learning experiences. Integration of robotics projects could help students apply mathematical concepts practically, honing programming and problem-solving skills. Further, robotics competitions could enhance creativity and collaboration. Robots may also offer personalized assistance to students with special needs, promoting inclusivity. Lastly, robots could bridge the gap between in-person and remote learning. However, the integration of robotics would require careful consideration of ethical and pedagogical concerns, with teachers continuing to play a crucial role in guiding learning experiences and ensuring alignment with educational objectives. ChatGPT suggests that despite the potential roles of robots and AI in education, they are unlikely to replace human teachers completely (Selwyn, 2019;Sharkey, 2016). This is due to factors such as the intrinsic human connection and emotional intelligence teachers offer, their ability to navigate complex instructional contexts, the pedagogical expertise they possess, and their role in fostering non-cognitive skills and social development. Teachers also excel in adapting to individual student needs, providing personalized support and instruction. Robots and AI, while offering valuable assistance and the possibility to enhance certain teaching aspects, lack the capacity to replicate these human attributes fully. Thus, robots and AI should be viewed as complementary tools that could assist teachers, rather than replacements. The future of education lies in leveraging technology to empower teachers and help them deliver more effective instruction and individualized support to students.

CONCLUSION
The future of mathematics teaching holds immense potential for advancements in technology integration and the use of artificial intelligence (AI). Personalized learning experiences are expected to become more prevalent, with adaptive learning platforms and intelligent tutoring systems analyzing students' needs and providing tailored instruction. Blended learning environments, incorporating online resources and digital tools, will likely enhance flexibility and collaboration. The integration of computational thinking, data literacy, and statistics will play a significant role, reflecting the increasing relevance of these skills in Copyright © 2023; Author (s); 2339-224X (print) | 2579-3209 (online) various domains. Problem-solving, critical thinking, and interdisciplinary connections will continue to be emphasized, fostering students' analytical abilities and holistic understanding. Equity and inclusion will remain crucial, with culturally responsive pedagogies and inclusive practices ensuring equal opportunities for all learners. As AI continues to advance, interactive virtual learning environments, intelligent tutoring systems, gamification, and data-driven analytics are expected to revolutionize mathematics education. While embracing these possibilities, it is essential to ensure thoughtful implementation, ongoing professional development, and pedagogical considerations to maximize the benefits of AI in mathematics teaching.